MATCH 2020-2021

This application cycle presents several challenges and opportunities for prospective otolaryngology applicants that have been mainly implemented in response to restrictions surrounding COVID-19. To address these changes, we have compiled a list of practical information and recommendations to help you successfully navigate these unique circumstances.

Virtual Interviews
** UPDATE **The AAO-HNS is bringing together four program directors from around the country to offer advice on the keys to a successful interview, what to do and, of course, what to avoid. There will be an opportunity for Q&A and a tips sheet on best practices will be distributed to all attendees right after the webinar, which is scheduled to take place November, 12, 2020 at 8:00 PM EST. Registration for the webinar is available through the following link. Additional information about virtual interviews is noted below, as well as related links on “Interviews: Dos and Don’ts”, “Interview Tips”, and “Commonly Asked Interview Questions” at the bottom of the page.

As programs and students continue to adjust to the myriad of changes brought on by COVID-19, SUO/AADO/OPDO have recommended that the residency interview process be virtual for all applicants during the 2020-2021 cycle. Reasons behind this include promotion of safety, uncertainty of travel restrictions across the United States and across the world, and the financial strain many applicants and programs may face given these unusual circumstances. This provides new challenges to the ENT applicant, but also new opportunities to present oneself and demonstrate one’s abilities and attributes. 

The virtual world is new and difficult to navigate. As interview season approaches, however, more programs are engaging students online in an effort to demonstrate their unique cultural and educational attributes. Twitter has emerged as a popular tool for medical students and programs alike across many specialties, including otolaryngology. While it may prove difficult to replace an in-person visit, opportunities to connect with residents at various programs via this platform, as well as resources discussed elsewhere on headmirror.com, may provide helpful insights when determining where to apply. Reaching out to colleagues, friends, and contacts at various institutions may also assist your decision-making.

While specifics of this cycle’s virtual interviews remain in flux, one thing is certain: preparation will be key. Broadly speaking, there are two core types of virtual interviews, Live Virtual Interviews and Asynchronous Virtual Interviews, which the AAMC compare and contrast here. Live Virtual Interviews will be conducted over standard videoconferencing technology, with an interviewer or interviewers asking questions and engaging with the applicant in real time. Asynchronous Virtual Interviews, by contrast, will begin with a list of questions presented to the applicant via text or pre-recorded video. The applicant will then respond by recording a video and submitting it to the institution for review at a later time. While Live Virtual Interviews are likely to be more common, it may be wise to prepare for both methods. 

Questions are expected to resemble those which may be asked during a typical interview season, i.e., questions designed to ascertain knowledge base and interest in a particular program, as well as situational/behavioral questions and questions involving aspects of one’s CV and/or personal statement. Nevertheless, the change in format will pose unique communication challenges. Fewer interviewers may be present for each interview and interviews may be longer. Technological difficulties may occur and should certainly be prepared for by both the institution and the applicant. For example, prior to or at the very beginning of a Live Virtual Interview, it may be wise to provide the institution with an alternative means of contact, for example a cell phone number, should the video connection weaken. Here are a few more recommendations on how to master your interview:

  1. Dress professionally.Just because you are online does not mean you should cut corners on professional dress. The same is true of your posture. Wear the same attire you were planning to wear on interviews--and be sure to wear pants or a skirt! It is always possible an interviewer could ask you to stand up or explain something in your background. Speaking of…

  2. Pick your background wisely.There are several schools of thought on what is appropriate to include in a background. While it may be impossible to please every interviewer, in general, it is wise to choose a place where there is not a bright window behind you. Some people prefer blank wall backgrounds while others prefer pictures or decorations that add character to the setting. Whatever style you choose, an organized background helps present a professional image.

    Note on virtual backgrounds: While virtual backgrounds are not always ideal, sometimes they can be necessary based on one’s living space. A green screen can make a virtual background look quite professional at a fairly reasonable cost (~$20 for entry-level on Amazon)--and even a simple bedsheet can work for this purpose!

  3. Lighting. As mentioned above, do your best to avoid a bright light behind you, as this can wash out your image for the interviewer. Depending on the lighting at your designated interview spot, it may be worth investing in an additional light source or umbrella. Try out various places around your living space to see what looks best!

  4. Angles. Whether you are using your computer or tablet’s camera (a phone is not recommended), do your best to place the camera approximately 2 inches above eye level, as this is a very natural spot to look towards when answering questions. And yes, you should look into the camera when answering questions, not at the screen. This is difficult to do and requires practice, but is helpful in presenting a professional image. 

  5. Sound. Headphones, while not necessary, can help prevent reverberation of sound during your virtual interview. Furthermore, it is important to reduce aberrant noise as much as possible. This can be difficult in an apartment building, in a louder neighborhood, or with pets/kids/roommates/significant others. If open, your medical school or library may provide a great, quiet place for an interview. Discuss the importance of these interviews with those with whom you live. Also, close windows when necessary, focusing on what you can control. 

  6. Technology. While many modern computers and tablets possess more than adequate cameras and microphones, it may be helpful, depending on your situation, to invest in a USB microphoneor webcam, which start at around $20 and $30, respectively, on Amazon. Test your computer/tablet prior to purchasing any additional equipment, as it is likely your current set-up will work well, but these additions may be worth considering.

  7. Relax. You’ve been preparing for this moment for years. You have completed 3.5 years of medical school and are ready for the next stage in your journey. While this year is unprecedented and unusual, the same is true for every program and applicant nationwide. Interviews are still an amazing opportunity to connect with programs. Look forward to them and embrace the journey! 

Preference Signaling
The official Otolaryngology Preference Signaling (#ENTSignaling) websiteis now live. Detailed “Guidance for Applicants”, as well as “General FAQs” and “Applicant FAQs” are available. The American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) and the Otolaryngology Program Directors Organization (OPDO) have now posted their recent webinarthat provided an overview of preference signaling and how it will launch during the 2020 application season, including a discussion on the background, rationale, logistics, and benefits to both applicants and residency programs. The signaling timeline is noted below and is now open for applicants to submit their preferences:

signaling timeline.png

Preference signaling has been utilized in the American Economics Association job market for economics graduate students since 2006. Preference signaling provides an opportunity for applicants to credibly signal information about their preferences for employment positions. This year, multiple stakeholder organizations, including OPDO, SUO, AADO, AAMC, COSA, ERAS, and NRMP have worked together and approved preference signaling for Otolaryngology. Information on the #ENTSignaling program can be found in the following introductory video:


If you want another perspective on the topic, The Sheriff of Sodium, @jbcarmody, presents a “Winners and Losers Edition” on his thought-provoking and entertaining blog. Spoiler alert - “Winner: Otolaryngology Applicants….allowing applicants to send a signal of interest is an inexpensive, fair, and sensible way of trying to help interested candidates and programs find each other.”

** Also, applicants are urged to be aware that there is a commercial organization,signaltokens.org, that is offering the preference signaling concept to all specialties. This is NOT the platform that Otolaryngology will be using, so applicants should not register with this website. **

STAR OTO - Short Talks by Aspiring Residents in Otolaryngology
STAR OTO is a collaborative, multi-institutional initiative created by Vanderbilt University Medical Center Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery residents, Brandon Esianor, MD and Madelyn Stevens, MD. The virtual platform was designed to allow applicants to share short biographical and academic talks with programs. Volunteer faculty members from participating institutions across the country, known as STAR-Mentors, will meet virtually with participants prior to video creation to provide interactive feedback on content. The goal of STAR OTO is to enable applicants to showcase their personalities and clinical/research presentations while networking with leaders in the field from across the country. Further details for both aspiring residents and faculty interested in volunteering as STAR-Mentors can be found here.

Info Sessions
The American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) and the Otolaryngology Program Directors Organization (OPDO) joined together to host a discussion on the new reality of applying to residency. Six program directors from around the country offered their insights on a number of topics, including a particular focus on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic. The event was held on Friday, July 30, 2020 at 8:00 PM EST. The recorded sessionis now available for viewing.

Program Information
The AAMC has been sponsoring a Residency Explorertool over the past few years. This year marks the first time that Otolaryngology has been included among the list of 23 specialties! The tool allows you to explore residency programs across seven categories: Program Quick Facts, Application & Match Trends, Profile Comparison, Applicant Information, Practice Environment, Educational and Research Opportunities, & Resident Characteristics. In total, there are over 40 characteristics, which can be downloaded as an Excel file for comparison. Additional information on the development of the tool, as well as suggestions for use can be found here.

Virtual Sessions (Tours, Q&As, Sub-Is, etc)
A growing number of programs have been finding ways to showcase their residency programs virtually, especially with the recommendations from SUO/AADO/OPDO to avoid away rotations. Many of these opportunities are being broadcast through social media, so if you haven’t done so already, now is the time to create your Twitter & Instagram professional identity!

In addition, OtoMatch just opened the new spreadsheet for Match 2020-2021 and included a column in the “Program Info” tab, which is "Virtual Sub-I and Info Sessions." Currently, there are about a dozen upcoming opportunities to learn about programs. As you learn about new virtual sessions, consider adding to this list, but also tag us, @headmirror_com, so that we can help spread the word.

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